The remote sensing for Precision Farming, or Precision Agriculture, makes extensive use of the images collected by the satellites, airplanes or drones in different bands of the electromagnetic spectrum. The analysis of these data provides qualitative and quantitative information on the environment that are no visible to the human eye.
In fact, plants and soils, depending on their state, have a different response in the infrared rather than in the green band. Using multispectral sensors is possible to measure indices such as, for example:
- Vegetation Indices: The plants absorb the solar radiation that is used as energy source in the photosynthesis process. The infrared component that cannot be used to synthesize organic molecules and therefore it is reflected. A continuous absorption of infrared light, in fact, could only lead to overheating of the plant damaging the leaves tissue. Vegetation indices are related to quantities such as the leaf area, biomass and concentration of chlorophyll.
- Soil indexes: the content of water in the terrain (soil moisture) is one of the parameters used to evaluate the exchange of water between the soil and the environment. By measuring the spectral response in the infrared and near-infrared you can evaluate the soil moisture in the most superficial layers.
- Water stress indices: the measure of the different response that plants have in the different bands of the visible and infrared, is related to the amount of water contained in the leaves. You can figure out which areas need more or less irrigation.
Scientific research and technological progress have shown that remote monitoring for precision farming can play a key role in the process of modernization and efficiency.
OMICAFARM provides a set of indices that are measured periodically with a spatial resolution up to 10 meters. You can also analyse and display the images gathered by drone or aircraft.
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